Independently manage patients at an appropriate work-rate, employing the most appropriate clinical examination equipment and investigation modalities.

Domain of Clinical Practice Patient Management
Level Level 2
Code PM2.1
Descriptors
  • Manage patients, with non-complex conditions suitable for management by the generalist, with indirect supervision. 
  • Manage patients, suitable for management by a generalist, at an accepted rate. 
  • Manage time and resources effectively. 
  • Demonstrate effective consultation skills, including effective verbal and non-verbal interpersonal skills. 
  • Identify and manage barriers to communication, including language barriers, sensory and cognitive impairment.
  • Use the exophthalmometer and interpret the findings with relevance to the specific patient. 
  • Use appropriate tools to assess the cornea e.g. pachymeter and know when to use specular microscopy.   
  • Understand when to use, and competently employ a variety of lenses for binocular fundus and gonioscopy examination with the slit lamp. 
  • Use a portable slit lamp competently. 
  • Use a binocular indirect ophthalmoscope with a variety of lenses, selected to the situation and appropriate indentation. 
  • Perform refraction and understand the relevance and importance of the refraction. 
  • Assess a patient’s spectacles using neutralisation techniques and focimetry. 
  • Assess a patient’s binocular co-operation and assess whether optical correction for this is necessary. 
  • Select investigations appropriate to the likely diagnosis. Know when they need to be ordered urgently and how to interpret the results. Know their contra-indications, limitations and implications (including cost). 
  • Employ and interpret new methods of assessment and investigation when they are introduced into clinical practice.
  • Assess the progress of a patient’s condition and respond accordingly. This includes observation of the natural history of a disease and clinical improvement or deterioration in response to interventions.
  • Understand and apply knowledge of lasers. Apply this knowledge when recommending laser treatment. 
  • Employ safe practice, including complying with local laser safety procedures. 
  • Have knowledge of the common Low Vision Aids and the conditions for which they may provide benefit. 
  • Be competent in performing a sac wash-out (syringing) and be able to fully interpret the findings (OO2.1)
  • Perform minor ocular surface procedures, including, but not limited to, contact lens insertion and removal of corneal foreign body removal, ocular surface suture insertion and removal (COS2.1).
  • Understand the indications for and use appropriate tools to assess the cornea (e.g. pachymeter, corneal topography, anterior segment OCT) and to recognise obvious deviations from normal (COS2.1).
  • Understand and apply knowledge of lasers relevant to cataract and refractive conditions. Use this knowledge when discussing or recommending laser treatment (CS2.1).
  • Understand when different methods of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement are required and how to use them.
  • Understand use of ultrasound biomicroscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (G2.1).
  • Understand and interpret optic nerve imaging (G2.1).
  • Understand and interpret visual field-testing methods and glaucomatous changes (G2.1).
  • Select investigations appropriate to the likely diagnosis, such as use of ultrasound in paediatric cases and use of IOP phasing (G2.1).
  • Perform laser peripheral iridotomy, including in the emergency setting, following practise in a simulated setting (G2.1).
  • Employ appropriately and interpret optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans (MR2.1).
  • Employ appropriately and interpret fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA)(MR2.1).
  • Understand the principles and basic interpretation of electrophysiology (MR2.1).
  • Understand and interpret visual field tests with regard to both medical retina conditions and treatments (MR2.1).
  • Know common and uncommon long-term side effects of laser treatment e.g. reduction of peripheral vision in DR treatment,night blindness, metamorphopsia (MR2.1).
  • Perform effective laser retinopexy (slit lamp with contact lens) (VR2.1).
  • Perform a Hess/Lees screen test and interpret the result (OM2.1).
  • Accurately interpret findings from pupil assessment (NO2.1).
  • Assess anisocoria, including how to perform and interpret appropriate pharmacological tests for specific pupil abnormalities (NO2.1).
  • Interpret orthoptic assessments (PO2.1).
  • Employ a variety of lenses for binocular fundus examination with the slit lamp (PO2.1)
  • Employ a modified slit lamp examination (PO2.1).
  • Perform a cycloplegic refraction and understand the relevance and importance of the refraction (PO2.1) .
Method of Assessment
Other information